1(xiv)
Assertion (A): In the electrolysis of acidified water, the volume of hydrogen liberated is twice the volume of oxygen formed.
Reason (R): Water has hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio of 1:2 by volume.
- (a)(A) is true but (R) is false.
- (b)(A) is false but (R) is true.
- (c)Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
- (d)Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
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(A) is true but (R) is false.
Reason — During the electrolysis of acidified water:
- At cathode: 4H+ + 4e- ⟶ 2H2
- At anode: 4OH- - 4e- ⟶ 2H2O + O2
The ratio of H2 to O2 liberated is 2:1, so the volume of hydrogen liberated is twice the volume of oxygen formed. Hence, assertion (A) is true.
However, on electrolysis water gives hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio of 2:1 by volume, and not 1:2 as stated. Hence, reason (R) is false.