ICSE Class 8 History & Civics · Solutions for Class 8 ICSE DN Kundra History & Civics Goyal Brothers · 16 solved questions
Exercise
1Objective Type Questions
Read the two statements given below about the Indian National Congress. Select the option that shows the correct relationship between (A) and (R).
Assertion (A): The Indian National Congress was formed by A.O. Hume.
Reason (R): W.C. Bonnerjee was the first President of the Indian National Congress.
(a)(R) contradicts (A)
(b)(R) is the reason for (A)
(c)(A) is true but (R) is false
(d)(A) and (R) are independent of each other
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(A) and (R) are independent of each other
Explanation — Allan Octavian Hume, a retired British civil servant, was instrumental in founding the Indian National Congress in 1885. The first session of the Congress was held in December 1885 in Bombay. The President of this session was W.C. Bonnerjee.
2Objective Type Questions
Identify the policies of Lord Lytton.
P: Removal of import duties on British goods
Q: Holding a Grand Imperial Durbar in Delhi
R: Formation of British Indian Association
S: Partition of Bengal
(a)P and Q
(b)R and S
(c)P and R
(d)Q and S
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P and Q
3Objective Type Questions
Vaishali is preparing a project on 'rise of Radicals'. Which of the following leaders would MOST LIKELY be part of her project?
(a)Lala Lajpat Rai
(b)Bipan Chandra Pal
(c)Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(d)All of these
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All of these
4Objective Type Questions
Which of the following aspects is being depicted by the given advertisement?
(a)Promoting machine made Goods
(b)Forcing to buy Swadeshi Goods
(c)Discouraging Swadeshi Goods
(d)Promoting Swadeshi Goods
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Promoting Swadeshi Goods
5Objective Type Questions
Identify the ODD ONE out of the following major political associations.
(a)Allahabad Native Association
(b)British Indian Association
(c)Bombay Association
(d)Madras Native Association
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Allahabad Native Association
6Objective Type Questions
Consider the statements given below and choose the correct answer.
Statement I: The first 20 years of the Congress from 1885 to 1905 are mentioned as the Early Nationalists Phase or the Moderate Phase.
Statement II: The leaders followed a mild and moderate policy of 'prayer and petition'.
(a)Statement (I) is correct and statement (II) is incorrect.
(b)Statement (I) is incorrect and statement (II) is correct.
(c)Both statements (I) and (II) are incorrect.
(d)Both statements (I) and (II) are correct.
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Both statements (I) and (II) are correct.
7Objective Type Questions
Which among the following statements is incorrect?
(a)In 1908 the British annulled the partition of Bengal.
(b)The Anti-Bengal Partition Movement was initiated on 7 August 1905.
(c)Lord Curzon was associated with the Partition of Bengal.
(d)During the Swadeshi and Boycott movement huge bonfires of foreign goods were lit in public places.
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In 1908 the British annulled the partition of Bengal.
8Objective Type Questions
The first session of the Congress was held in December 1885 in
(a)Delhi
(b)Bombay
(c)Madras
(d)Calcutta
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Bombay
9Objective Type Questions
Arrange the following in chronological order:
(i) Vernacular Press Act was passed
(ii) Partition of Bengal was announced
(iii) Leaders of Congress were divided at the Surat session of congress
(a)(ii), (iii), (i)
(b)(i), (ii), (iii)
(c)(iii), (i), (ii)
(d)(iii), (ii), (i)
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(i), (ii), (iii)
10Objective Type Questions
Who raised the famous slogan "Swaraj is my birthright and I must have it"?
(a)Dadabhai Naoroji
(b)Lala Lajpat Rai
(c)Bal Gangadhar Tilak
(d)Gopal Krishna Gokhale
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Bal Gangadhar Tilak
1Answer the following questions briefly
How did unification of India help to bring about a feeling of nationalism among the Indians?
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The unification of India under British rule helped bring about a feeling of nationalism in several ways:
The repressive policies of the British, such as economic exploitation, racial discrimination, and restrictive laws like the Arms Act and Vernacular Press Act, made Indians realize that their interests were being ignored. This built national consciousness.
The spread of modern education exposed Indians to ideas of democracy, equality, and nationalism from the West, inspiring them to think collectively about their country.
The role of the press and literature helped Indians from different regions to communicate, criticize British policies, and feel a shared identity. Writers like Bharatendu Harishchandra, Subramania Bharati, and Rabindranath Tagore instilled a sense of pride and nationalism.
The need for an all-India political organisation, such as the Indian National Congress, arose because Indians across the country wanted to represent their common interests, which encouraged a feeling of unity and nationhood.
2Answer the following questions briefly
How did modern education bring about unity among Indians?
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Modern education brought about unity among Indians in the following ways:
The Indians who received modern education could now read western thought and literature. They were exposed to the revolutionary changes taking place in the West — the American and French Revolutions. They also became aware of the ideas of democracy, equality and nationalism. The Indians were now inspired by the ideas of nationalism and democracy.
The reform movements also played an important role in bringing the people together.
3Answer the following questions briefly
Name two early All-India associations.
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Two early All-India associations are — British Indian Association (1851) and the Bombay Association (1852).
4Answer the following questions briefly
Differentiate between the methods of Early Nationalists and Radical Nationalists.
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The difference between the methods of Early Nationalists and Radical Nationalists is given below:
Methods of the Early Nationalists
Methods of the Radical Nationalists
Their approach was mild and moderate as they believed that India could progress within the British Empire.
Their approach was assertive as they believed self-reliance and active struggle were necessary to attain their goals.
They relied on prayer and petition to achieve their aims.
They relied on mass participation, agitation, and direct action to achieve their aims.
They criticised the unfair government policies, presented demands politely, seeking reforms like Indians in high posts, reduction in taxes and military expenditure.
They involved the masses, revived popular festivals to spread political awareness, prepared people for sacrifices, did hartals (strikes), and boycotted British goods and services.
Their goal was autonomy within British rule.
Their goal was Swaraj (complete self-rule).
5Answer the following questions briefly
What was anti-partition movement?
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The Anti-Partition Movement was a protest movement initiated on 7 August 1905 against the partition of Bengal. It involved massive demonstrations, such as the one at the Town Hall in Calcutta, and aimed to spread the movement throughout the province. The movement also encouraged boycott of British goods, promoted Indian trade and industry, and fostered nationalism, self-reliance, and self-respect among the people.
1Picture Study
This picture shows three Radical Nationalist leaders.
1. Identify and name them.
2. Write about the methods what they suggested.
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1. The given picture depicts the Radical Nationalist leaders, namely Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, and Bipin Chandra Pal.
2. The methods suggested by the Lal-Bal-Pal trio were:
Involvement and participation of the masses.
Reviving popular festivals to spread political awakening among the people.
Preparing people for sacrifices in the interest of the nation.
New methods of agitation such as hartals and boycott of foreign goods and services were introduced.
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